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wILLiAn BUCHANAN, or NEW Yo1n,:N.r.Q AND unI Teneur, or

IMPROVEMENT 'InA srsiii esnssiross.

iige Stintino nicht in in ilgisetttterstmt nit uniting ont nt ligt smut.

Be it knowntlmt we, WILLIAM BUCHANAN, of the cityonrl county of'New York, inthe Stolze of New XorK,

und J. M. TOUCEY, of Poughkeepsie, in the county of Dutchess, und Stute of New York, have invented eert-nin new end useful Improvementsin the Fire-Boxes of Locomotives; .und we do hereby declare that the following is n full endfexnct description'thereof. l

We will Erst describe Whitt we consider the hestmeons of carrying ont our invention, und will afterwnrds designato the points which' we bclieveto be new. '.Theraocompzmyng drawings formin port of this specification:

Figurel is e. frontview partly in section of tirelire-box o? a'. locomotive constructed according to-our invention; the section being on the line T T in fig-2. v i

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectionon'the line S S in lig. 1,

Similar letters of reference indicate like p arts in all figures. Y

A is theexterior shell of the locomotive boiler. B isthe upper portion of the tire-box. C is the lower portion Blond Ct `form respeciively the upper und lower faces of the inclinedpnrtition which partially divides the iuterioroi` the lire-box, leaving u hole, I), through which the goseous products of combustion may rise from 4the incandescent incl on the grate, und after circulating in the upper portion of the fire-bor, muy be drown 'through tuhcs und discharged up the stach. E E, etc., uro small tubes tapped through the partition Bl O1: E E lare stays also employed.` The, lower portion C, of the lire-bok, is by preference mode of copper.- The upperl portion, B, may he made of good iron. The lower portion, whether inode of 'copper or iron,.by reosonof. its being 4exposed to more intensol heat, und more violent nlternotions of texnperuturc thun the upper portion, is1 soonest burned out or destroyed; und one object of our invention is to provide forvthe easy removing-:intl replacing of the lower heli', C, together with the lower half, Cl, et the inclined partition. The periphery of the hole D is fornicd by two bresil nnges, b and c, which extend respectively from 4the upper, and lower feces Bl und Cl, in

the manner indicated, and are joined by rivets, F. In Vorder to remove the lower {ire-box with the attached ports Ci onde, we cut oil' .the rivets F, and remove the stays E E', and the stays" G, which connect the lower portion,l C, of the fire-box with the external shell A. VThe festenings ut the lowerv edge being also removed, the whole lower portion of the fire-box is lowered out of the boiler; and on applying tho new one in the proper position, und inserting new i'nsteuiugs-ot ull the points referred to und properly cnulking the seems if necessary, our'locomotive is in good condition for use for u long period. There muy be two holes-Dinsteud of one, if preferred. H is u hollow ring, .by preference of cest iron, mode in two or inorc parts, properly secured together,

Y. und'providccl with nozzles, in, extending radially inward, os represented. El H*V are pipes, which leadrthe externnlatmosphere from .the exterior `of the boiler into the hollow interior of thisvring H. 'I is a slide, fitted i in ways, as represented, and adopted to close these pussngesfror the admission of' the oir, either partially or entirely, when desircd. The nir admitted through these passages and through the nozzles i, mingles with the hotugnses rushing upward through 'the opening D, and uid in completing the combustion of the smoke therein.

ltd is un internal pipe mode of stron'ggos pipe, or other suitable rnaterial, end oupnble ot' bearing the full pressure of the stoom in the boiler, oven when .somewhat warped und damaged by o'ccolsional exposure to great heat. It is provided with nozzles, m, which lie within-thc nozzles h, und which are contracted at their mouths, leaving e. narrow orilce through which the stenoivmoy. issue in n very powerful jot. is u. pipe leading from the stoom room of the holler` into .the hollow ring M, find admitting the steam therein under the control of the cock-1t. Whenever this cook is openefl,"stenm frein the` holler fills the internal ring M, ot nearly the full boiler pressure, and the live steam, in rushing from the nozzles m, drugs inwurdgreot volumes of fresh air. This apparatus for admitting stenmlund uirto mingle with the hot gases, may beemplo'yed with some advantage in ina/ny conditions of work; but one of its most importont'uscsis to insure completo combustion of the smoke,lwhen the locomotive i6 stunde ing nt the station. Ithns been found in. the combustion of runny fuels, tha-t the gases orc consumed very thon ,oughly when the locomotive is in full operation, moving n. heavy train; but when the train is stopped, and the tire oeos'es'to be urged by the strong artificial draught (lue to the nothin-ot` the blast pipe, the couxlmstiony is sluggish; and the greotl volumes oi'l carbonio oxide and of opaque matter emitted slowlyfrom-the stack greatly inconvenience the attendants, und even the passengers. We here tested our-npparoltus, nndwith success. 0n approaching the stotiomond shutting oil' the stean from the engines, the engineer opens the cock n, either pori tiully or entirely, the slido being supposcdto be openecljneorly oil of the time to ndmit sir' into the ring H.

The opening 'of the cocker. allows the stoom from the boiler to lill theinternol pipe M, andl to commence to blow through the nozzles m. Tho wnsteof steam is almost unopprecinhle, even if the cock n he wideopen; but in most `cases it is sufficient to open this cock to a. small' extent, and the air drawn in through the pipes H Hl, and,

thrown into the {iro through the nozzles it, mingleswith the hot, combustible gnses,nnd effects their complete combustion in the upperchamber,'B, oi` the fire-box. The gases nre turned outlfrom the chimney in acondition sam 2 very nearly transparent, and the inconvenience is very greatly lessened. The placing of the hollow ring 1I and its contents above the inclined partition Bl C', and so as to surround the hole D, as represented, protects thc hollow rin-g from the intense radiant hentof the re, and insures that the freshair shall be thrown intothe hot gases at such a point that they shall iind sullicient heat to ignite them, with suliieicnt space above to allow time for the perfect combustion of the gases. The construction of our inclined partition allowsa very active current of water, or water mingled with steam, to ilow constantly from the lower edge tothe higher. The water is drawn in freely from the water-leg on the froutside of the lower portion of the tire-box, and becoming-heated and partially changed into steam -by the intense heat applied on the lower face C' of the inclinedl diaphragm, it divides and passes around-the flanges 6 e, finding ample space each side, and between them if there are two, to rush actively upward and emerge at the upper edge, and risc in a strongcurrent and discharge the steam into the steam space in theboiler. "This action goes on unintermittontly, and with great freedom. Where there are two or more of the holes D, it will of course be understood that there are a correspondingly increased number of the anges b c, rivets F, arid hollow rings H, and their connections. Our hollow rings H, and their conxieetions provided with the strong steam jets issuing from theV nozzles nl, as described, form a very cheap and ed'ect is superior in several important respects to the introduction of sir without pressure at this point, or to thel introduction of air under pressure below the grate. AAinartlicut pressure, will notenter in sufiicient volumes to complete the combustion of the immense volumes of combnstiblegases and smoke. The air introduced by our means in the upper portion of the furnace enters with great force in sulicient volumes to complete the combustion,

und byits forcible entering at these points docs not in the least increase, but rather diminishes, thel intensity of the upward draught through the incandescent fuel below. 'We ,proposeA to incline the nozzlem and li upward to a. slight extent, as shall bo found expedient, in order Ito induce the proper effect on the draught of the lire vwhile the locomotive is standing still. -If in any case it be found desirable to greatly retard the draught, we can incline one or more of the jets issuing from 'the nozzles m z slightly or directly downward. But we do not' believe it necessary to incline them very greatly either upward or downward. -We propose usually to project them inward with an upward inclination of about ten degrees, as represented. A1 A is an inclined joint in the shell directly opposite to the inclined partition BUC', and extending from the front to the back of thefire-box4 on each side of the boiler.

Some ef the advantages due to certain features of our invention muy be separately ennmeratedas follows:

1. By reason o. the division of the fire-box B C into on upper and'lowcr chamber, as represented, we aroable to burn thesgases with facility, to protect the metal of the upper portionfrom the violent heating und cooling to which the lower part is exposed, and to better allow of the additional features of our inrentionv by which air is introduced at the right point; the apparatus therntore is protected, and the lower portion is renewed withont disturbing the upper portion. v

2. By reason of the fact that the lianges b c, and rivets F, are arranged as represented, relatively to the inclined partition B C, and to the other parts, we are able to provide n strong and reliable connection of the parts and to allow a' very easy separation when desire 3. By reason of the fact that the hollow.ring H, adapted to supplysteam and air, as described, is arranged as represented relatively to the inclined partition Bl C, and to the aperture -D, therein, we are able to introduce the air under pressure in the upper part of the fire-box, and to graduate its influx at will by apertures well protected from the radiant heut ofthe fire, and to insure an eiciency in the introduction ofthe air and the mixing thereof with the llamo utmthc proper pcriodwhich has not been heretofore attainable with equally simple apparatus. v

4. By reason of the fact that the steam pipe M, withl its nozzles m, is arranged as represented relatively to the nir pipes H1 Hl, and the steam pipe N,`and to the nozzles h, we are able to protect the steam apparatus from destructive influences, und lto preserve it in condition for supporting a powerful steam pressure even after it has been many times and for long periods in position with the steam'shnt olf 6. By reason of the fact that the slanting scam Al A, of the external lire-box, is arranged opposite to the inclined partition B4 C, and has a corresponding inclination, we nre able by cutting these lines of rivets, alone to disconnect the sheets, and to more conveniently remove and renew the lower portion of the outer fire-box as.l well as ofthe inner.

Having now fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desircto secure by'Lettc 'Patong is us follows: v i

1. We claim the divided fire-box C, when constructed and arranged substantially as and for ,theipurposes herein set forth.

2. We vclaim the arrangement ofthe fire-box, by which we are enabled to readily disoonncctgremove,'and

-lreplace the lower portion, ss herein set forth and'descrbed.

3. We elnim the'bollow ring H, and its connections protected from the direct radiant heat of the lire, and adapted to throw fresh air nndsteam into the gases rising through the hole D, or its equivalent, substantially in the manner und for the purpose herein set forth. @l

4. We cldimthe steam blow pipe M, with its nizza-les m, and connection N, arranged as represented relatively to the air pipe H, and nozzles 7i, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified,

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set onrhands in the presence of two subscribingrsitnesses.

WM BUCHANAN,

J. 'M. TOUCEY.k Witnessesf W. C. Der,

D. L. Fnsssonn. 

